Micro Propagation of Acacia Hybrid Clone

INTRODUCTION

            Acacia hybrids is a cross between Acacia mangium and Acacia auriculiformis which are  the two tropical acacias natural to Australia, Papua New Guinea and Indonesia where both have the potential for timber and pulp production.  A. mangium, being one of the selected fast-growing species has become an important choice of species in agro forestry, while A. auriculiformis has become a major source of firewood, its dense wood and high energy (calorific value of 4500 to 4900 kcal/kg) contributes to its popularity.  It provides very good charcoal that glows well with little smoke and does not spark (Asmah, H.N. et.al., 2012)

            Acacia mangium Willd x A.  auriculiformis A. Cunn. Ex Benth hybrids possesses some of the outstanding intermediate characteristics of its parents such as better stem form and longer clear bole height than A. auriculiformis and lighter branching , circular trunk, smoother bark with whiter color and smaller phyllodes compared to A. mangium (Ahmad., D.H.,Ghani, R.A.,Kijkar, S ).  Three seven years old tree of Acacia hybrid, compared with both parents  had longer fiber, and higher slenderness ratio, fiber proportion and hellocellulose content (Yahya, R. et.al. 2010). 

            In 2012 naturally occurring acacia hybrid Wk 004 Ah were selected as plus tree and sent to Tissue Culture Laboratory for micro propagation (Tree Improvement Report, 2012) and also sent leaf samples for testing  of DNA and result test confirmed its hybrid traits along with some other clones (Sulistyono, E, 2013). 

            Due to increasing demand for genetically superior plant materials by Sinarmas Forestry, micro propagation studies have been carried out on A. mangium x A. auriculiformis hybrid.  The main advantage of mass vegetative propagation compared to propagation by seed is that higher yield planting materials with uniform characteristics can be obtained within a minimum time period.  In the case of A. mangium x A. auriculiformis hybrids, vegetative propagation remains the only means of multiplication because of the very limited capacity for producing interspecific hybrid seeds from bi-specific orchard.  Beside, tissue culture technologies and especially micro propagation are faster than horticultural vegetative propagation methods to rejuvenate and mass multiply true to type adult selected trees (Galiana et al., 2003)

 

No	Sample ID	Sumber	Scar Marker-M33	Scar Marker-R01	Scar Marker-Ac27
1	Wk 004 Ah	Rawasari 1	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
2	Wk 007 Ah	Rawasari 4	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
3	Wk 017 Ah	Rantau kapas 6	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
4	Wk 062 Ah	Ture 17	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
5	Wk 056 Ah	Ture 11	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
6	Wk 060 Ah	Ture 15	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
7	Wk 061 Ah	Ture 16	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
8	Wk 063 Ah	Ture 17	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
9	Wk 068 Ah	Ture 23	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
10	Wk 103 Ah	Jambi 16	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
11	Wk 109 Ah	Jambi 22	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
12	Wk 115 Ah	Jambi 28	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
13	Wk 129 Ah	Jambi 42	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
14	Wk 130 Ah	Jambi 43	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
15	Wk 137 Ah	Jambi 50	A hybrid	A hybrid	A hybrid
16	Wk 002 Ah	Jl 170	A hybrid	A hybrid	A auriculiformis
17	Wk 003 Ah	Jl 170	A hybrid	A auriculiformis	A auriculiformis
18	Wk 009 Ah	Rawasari 6	A hybrid	A auriculiformis	A auriculiformis
19	Wk 048 Ah	Ture 4	A mangium	A auriculiformis	A auriculiformis
20	Wk 049 Ah	Ture 5	A mangium	A auriculiformis	A auriculiformis
21	Wk 055 Ah	Ture 11	A mangium	A auriculiformis	A auriculiformis
22	Wk 064 Ah	Ture 12	A mangium	A auriculiformis	A auriculiformis
23	Wk 065 Ah	Ture 13	A mangium	A auriculiformis	A auriculiformis
24	Wk 069 Ah	Ture 17	A mangium	A auriculiformis	A auriculiformis